In this Python tutorial, we will look into some basic, common functions when using an ATM machine. In this Python tutorial I am running Python IDLE (Python GUI) version 2.7.
The first step is to brainstorm what do you do at an ATM machine?
ATM Function Requirements
Some of the functions that one can complete at an ATM are below:
- Input user pin for authentication
- Check account balance
- Deposit funds
- Withdraw funds
- Create random generated transaction id
- Account interest rate and monthly accrued interest rate
Import Python Modules
In order to complete the above ATM, we will need to import two Python modules; numpy and random.
Python NumPy Module
What does the NumPy module do in Python?
The Python package NumPy is a fundamental package that has the unique capabilities for scientific computing. In addition, it offers the below as well:
- N-dimensional array object
- Sophisticated functions
- Random number capabilities, useful for linear algebra, and Fourier transform
Besides the obvious scientific uses, NumPy also offers an efficient multi-dimensional container of generic data. This allows arbitrary data-types can be defined and will NumPy to speedily and efficiently integrate with a wide variety of databases.
Python Random Module
What does the Random package do in Python?
The Random module allows a program to create random numbers by using the random.randint() function. If we wanted a random integer, we can use the randint function and it will accept two parameters of numbers (lowest and highest).
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import random import numpy |
Create Class and Define Functions
What is a class?
A class is used for creating objects. By creating objects, the objects have variables and a behavior that’s associated with them. Since we are using Python in this tutorial, a class is created by a keyword class. Once the class is created, the object within the class will then be called the instance of the class.
How to define a function?
Now we take the requirements that we created from the above and create functions. We can define the functions to provide the given functionality of the program. The function blocks are started with def and followed with the function name and parenthesis, such as def getId(self).
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class Account: # Construct an Account object def __init__(self, id, balance = 0, annualInterestRate = 3.4): self.id = id self.balance = balance self.annualInterestRate = annualInterestRate def getId(self): return self.id def getBalance(self): return self.balance def getAnnualInterestRate(self): return self.annualInterestRate def getMonthlyInterestRate(self): return self.annualInterestRate / 12 def withdraw(self, amount): self.balance -= amount def deposit(self, amount): self.balance += amount def getMonthlyInterest(self): return self.balance * self.getMonthlyInterestRate() |
Define the main() Function
We must create the main() function because it’s only executed when the Python program is executed. Also, we could import a Python program as a module, but the main() method will not execute. The entry point of any program is the main() function, but the interpreter of python will execute the source file code sequentially. In addition, it will not call any method if it’s not within the code. This is why the main() method has a technique, so that the main() method will be executed when the program is executed directly and not when the module is imported.
By creating the main() method, we will use a range to have all users to enter a 4-digit pin to access their account.
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def main(): # Creating accounts accounts = []; for i in range(1000, 9999): account = Account(i, 0); accounts.append(account); |
ATM Process Creation Using while True
We will use the while True loop because it will loop forever. The while statement will take an expression and execute the body of the loop while the expression is equal to ‘boolean’ of True. As long as the loop stays True, the loop will indefinitely loop.
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# ATM Processes while True: # Reading id from user id = int(input("\nEnter account pin: ")); # Loop till id is valid while id < 1000 or id > 9999: id = int(input("\nInvalid Id.. Re-enter: ")); # Iterating over game while True: # Printing menu print("\n1 - View Balance \t 2 - Withdraw \t 3 - Deposit \t 4 - Exit "); # Reading selection selection = int(input("\nEnter your selection: ")); # Getting account object for acc in accounts: # Comparing account id if acc.getId() == id: accountObj = acc; break; # View Balance if selection == 1: # Printing balance print(accountObj.getBalance()); # Withdraw elif selection == 2: # Reading amount amt = float(input("\nEnter amount to withdraw: ")); ver_withdraw = input("Is this the correct amount, Yes or No ? " + str(amt) + " "); if ver_withdraw == "Yes": print("Verify withdraw"); else: break; if amt < accountObj.getBalance(): # Calling withdraw method accountObj.withdraw(amt); # Printing updated balance print("\nUpdated Balance: " + str(accountObj.getBalance()) + " \n"); else: print("\nYou're balance is less than withdrawl amount: " + str(accountObj.getBalance()) + " \n"); print("\nPlease make a deposit."); # Deposit elif selection == 3: # Reading amount amt = float(input("\nEnter amount to deposit: ")); ver_deposit = input("Is this the correct amount, Yes, or No ? " + str(amt) + " "); if ver_deposit == "Yes": # Calling deposit method accountObj.deposit(amt); # Printing updated balance print("\nUpdated Balance: " + str(accountObj.getBalance()) + " \n"); else: exit(); elif selection == 4: print("\nTransaction is now complete."); print("Transaction number: ", random.randin (10000, 1000000)); print("Current Interest Rate: ", accountObj.annualInterestRate); print("Monthly Interest Rate: ", accountObj.annualInterestRate / 12); print("Thanks for choosing us as your bank"); exit(); #break; # Any other choice else: print("\nThat's an invalid choice."); #break; # Main function main() |
I hope this Python tutorial on creating an ATM program for checking account balance, withdrawing funds, and depositing funds was helpful.